An Exploratory Study on the Technology and Policy Development of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) in China

China's commitment to carbon neutrality by 2060 has driven significant advancements in Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies, positioning CCUS as a critical strategy for reducing industrial emissions. This study provides an assessment of China's CCUS landscape by examining both technological progress and policy evolution. Using an exploratory research methodology, two databases were compiled: a CCUS project database with 91 identified projects and a policy database covering national and regional policies that influence CCUS deployment. These databases allow for an in-depth analysis of geographical distribution, sectoral applications, economic viability, and regulatory support. Findings indicate that CCUS deployment in China is expanding rapidly, particularly in coal power, petrochemicals, and heavy industry, driven by state-led policies, financial incentives, and evolving regulatory frameworks. However, challenges persist, including high project costs, limited private investment, and regulatory gaps in CO2 storage standards. Comparative analysis with other developed economies highlights China's state-driven hybrid model, which integrates direct policy mandates, public funding, and an evolving emissions trading system (ETS). China's model relies heavily on government-led financial support. This study underscores the need for enhanced financial mechanisms, improved regulatory clarity, and expanded CO2 infrastructure to ensure the long-term scalability of CCUS. By situating China's CCUS development within a global context, this research offers policy insights for other emerging economies, contributing to the broader discourse on industrial decarbonization and carbon management strategies.