Areeba Khalid

Deep energy retrofits are essential for reducing building emissions, yet scaling them remains a challenge. This study analyzes retrofit programs from the UK, US, Germany, France, and the Netherlands to identify key lessons applicable to Toronto. By examining policy frameworks, financing mechanisms, and market structures, the research highlights strategies that have successfully driven large-scale retrofits internationally. Additionally, it assesses the current state of deep energy retrofits in Toronto, identifying key barriers, financial, regulatory, and technical that hinder widespread adoption. The findings offer insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders to accelerate retrofit implementation and meet TransformTO’s net-zero targets.